Otopharynx

The genus Otopharynx was first described by Regan in 1922. The name is derived from the Greek words “ous” (ear) and “pharyngx” (pharynx), referring to an anatomical feature of the fish.

Number of species

There are currently around 20 valid species within the genus Otopharynx. However, sources suggest that the taxonomic classification of this genus is complex and may need to be revised. Some species have been described recently (e.g. by Oliver in 2018).

Size

The largest length is reported for Otopharynx auromarginatus, with a total length of 24.5 centimeters. The smallest species is Otopharynx panniculus, with a maximum length of less than 10 centimeters total length.

Distinctive Characteristics

Otopharynx species are distinguished from other cichlids in Lake Malawi by the presence of melanin markings, including at least one suprapectoral spot, and often also a supraanal and precaudal spot (3 black spots on the flanks). The exact shape and location of these spots, as well as other morphological characteristics such as the number of gill rakers, the shape of the lower pharyngeal bone, and the tooth structure, are used to distinguish the different Otopharynx species from each other and from other genera.

The sources also indicate that the characteristics of the genus overlap with other genera and species. It may therefore be necessary to re-examine this genus and revise its taxonomic classification.